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Bottom-up design: Instead of code being written and controlled by a small group of experts, it was developed in full view of everyone, encouraging maximum participation and experimentation.This principle of equity is also known as Net Neutrality. Non-discrimination: If I pay to connect to the internet with a certain quality of service, and you pay to connect with that or a greater quality of service, then we can both communicate at the same level.
Decentralisation: No permission is needed from a central authority to post anything on the web, there is no central controlling node, and so no single point of failure … and no “kill switch”! This also implies freedom from indiscriminate censorship and surveillance.The early web community produced some revolutionary ideas that are now spreading far beyond the technology sector: He remains the Director of W3C to this day. Tim moved from CERN to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1994 to found the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), an international community devoted to developing open web standards. In 2014, the year we celebrated the web’s 25th birthday, almost two in five people around the world were using it.
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In 2003, the companies developing new web standards committed to a Royalty Free Policy for their work. This decision was announced in April 1993, and sparked a global wave of creativity, collaboration and innovation never seen before. So, Tim and others advocated to ensure that CERN would agree to make the underlying code available on a royalty-free basis, forever. You can’t propose that something be a universal space and at the same time keep control of it.” He explains: “Had the technology been proprietary, and in my total control, it would probably not have taken off. By the end of 1990, the first web page was served on the open internet, and in 1991, people outside of CERN were invited to join this new web community.Īs the web began to grow, Tim realised that its true potential would only be unleashed if anyone, anywhere could use it without paying a fee or having to ask for permission.
Tim also wrote the first web page editor/browser (“WorldWideWeb.app”) and the first web server (“httpd“). Allows for the retrieval of linked resources from across the web. A kind of “address” that is unique and used to identify to each resource on the web. The markup (formatting) language for the web. Image: CERNīy October of 1990, Tim had written the three fundamental technologies that remain the foundation of today’s web (and which you may have seen appear on parts of your web browser): He began work using a NeXT computer, one of Steve Jobs’ early products.
The web was never an official CERN project, but Mike managed to give Tim time to work on it in September 1990. In fact, his boss at the time, Mike Sendall, noted the words “Vague but exciting” on the cover. Believe it or not, Tim’s initial proposal was not immediately accepted. In March 1989, Tim laid out his vision for what would become the web in a document called “ Information Management: A Proposal”. Already, millions of computers were being connected together through the fast-developing internet and Berners-Lee realised they could share information by exploiting an emerging technology called hypertext. Tim thought he saw a way to solve this problem – one that he could see could also have much broader applications. Often it was just easier to go and ask people when they were having coffee…”, Tim says. Also, sometimes you had to learn a different program on each computer. “In those days, there was different information on different computers, but you had to log on to different computers to get at it. Scientists come from all over the world to use its accelerators, but Sir Tim noticed that they were having difficulty sharing information.
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Later on, when I was in college I made a computer out of an old television set.”Īfter graduating from Oxford University, Berners-Lee became a software engineer at CERN, the large particle physics laboratory near Geneva, Switzerland. Then I ended up getting more interested in electronics than trains. “I made some electronic gadgets to control the trains. Growing up, Sir Tim was interested in trains and had a model railway in his bedroom. He was born in London, and his parents were early computer scientists, working on one of the earliest computers. Sir Tim Berners-Lee is a British computer scientist.